Biological systematics

Hierarchy

Biological systematics divides life into groups, which, in turn, are divided into subgroups and so on. Since new characteristics are constantly being found and new patterns are being revealed, taxonomy it is constantly changing (therefore, different knowledge can be found in different literature). At the moment, the hierarchy of biological systematics looks like this:

• Species
• Genus
• Family
• Order
• Class
• Phylum
• Kingdom
• Domain

The scientific name of any living being consists of two words: species and genus. For example, homo sapiens is a modern human, or bétula pubéscens is a fluffy birch, birch is a genus and fluffy is a species.

Kingdom

The biological distinction is quite obvious, at first everything was divided into animals, plants and fungi. After the discovery of the microscope, two more kingdoms of organisms were added - protozoa and chromists. Later, with the study of the features, two more kingdoms emerged - bacteria and archaea.

Domain

Fundamentally, there is a distinction between living organisms whose cells have a nucleus and organoids and those that do not. Have a nucleus and are formed - eukaryotes, prokaryotes do not have a decorated nucleus in cells. Due to the presence of features, the prokaryote domain was divided into two - bacteria and archaea.

The fourth domain is viruses. Viruses do not possess cells and there is no categorical answer to the question, consider viruses living organisms or not. Viruses are produced only in living cells and affect living organisms.

As a result, we have:
Prokaryote domain, divided into the kingdoms of bacteria and archaea;
Eukaryote domain, divided into the kingdoms of animals, plants, fungi, protists, chromists