E-learning book
Electronegativity of substances
Electronegativity shows the force with which an atom displaces an electron pair formed during interaction with other atoms, that is, during the formation of a molecule. Electronegativity is a relative quantity, it is derived from observations of the interaction of atoms with each other.
Electronegativity table
H
2.2
He
Li
0.98
Be
1.57
B
2.04
C
2.55
N
3.04
O
3.44
F
3.98
Ne
Na
0.93
Mg
1.31
Al
1.61
Si
1.9
P
2.19
S
2.58
Cl
3.16
Ar
K
0.82
Ca
1
Sc
1.36
Ti
1.54
V
1.63
Cr
1.66
Mn
1.55
Fe
1.83
Co
1.88
Ni
1.91
Cu
1.9
Zn
1.65
Ga
1.81
Ge
2.01
As
2.18
Se
2.55
Br
2.96
Kr
3
Rb
0.82
Sr
0.95
Y
1.22
Zr
1.33
Nb
1.6
Mo
2.16
Tc
1.9
Ru
2.2
Rh
2.28
Pd
2.2
Ag
1.93
Cd
1.69
In
1.78
Sn
1.96
Sb
2.05
Te
2.1
I
2.66
Xe
2.6
Cs
0.79
Ba
0.89
La
1.1
Hf
1.3
Ta
1.5
W
2.36
Re
1.9
Os
2.2
Ir
2.2
Pt
2.28
Au
2.54
Hg
2
Tl
1.62
Pb
1.87
Bi
2.02
Po
2
At
2.2
Rn
2.2
Fr
0.79
Ra
0.9
Ac
1.1
Rf
Db
Sg
Bh
Hs
Mt
Ds
Rg
Cn
Nh
Fl
Mc
Lv
Ts
Og
Electronegativity order
| Ascending | Descending order | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cs, Caesium | 0.79 | F, Fluorine | 3.98 |
| Fr, Francium | 0.79 | O, Oxygen | 3.44 |
| K, Potassium | 0.82 | Cl, Chlorine | 3.16 |
| Rb, Rubidium | 0.82 | N, Nitrogen | 3.04 |
| Ba, Barium | 0.89 | Kr, Krypton | 3 |
| Ra, Radium | 0.9 | Br, Bromine | 2.96 |
| Na, Sodium | 0.93 | I, Iodine | 2.66 |
| Sr, Strontium | 0.95 | Xe, Xenon | 2.6 |
| Li, Lithium | 0.98 | S, Sulfur | 2.58 |
| Ca, Calcium | 1 | C, Carbon | 2.55 |
| La, Lanthanum | 1.1 | Se, Selenium | 2.55 |
| Tb, Terbium | 1.1 | Au, Gold | 2.54 |
| Ac, Anemone | 1.1 | W, Tungsten | 2.36 |
| Ce, Cerium | 1.12 | Rh, Rhodium | 2.28 |
| Pr, Praseodymium | 1.13 | Pt, Platinum | 2.28 |
| Am, Americium | 1.13 | H, Hydrogen | 2.2 |
| Nd, Neodymium | 1.14 | Ru, Ruthenium | 2.2 |
| Sm, Samaria | 1.17 | Pd, Palladium | 2.2 |
| Gd, Gadolinium | 1.2 | Os, Osmium | 2.2 |
| Y, Yttrium | 1.22 | Ir, Iridium | 2.2 |
| Dy, Dysprosium | 1.22 | At, Astatine | 2.2 |
| Ho, Holmium | 1.23 | Rn, Radon | 2.2 |
| Er, Erbium | 1.24 | P, Phosphorus | 2.19 |
| Tm, Thulium | 1.25 | As, Arsenic | 2.18 |
| Lu, Lutetium | 1.27 | Mo, Molybdenum | 2.16 |
| Pu, Plutonium | 1.28 | Te, Tellurium | 2.1 |
| Cm, Curium | 1.28 | Sb, Antimony | 2.05 |
| Hf, Hafnium | 1.3 | B, Boron | 2.04 |
| Lr, Lawrencium | 1.3 | Bi, Bismuth | 2.02 |
| Th, Thorium | 1.3 | Ge, Germanium | 2.01 |
| Bk, Berkelium | 1.3 | Hg, Mercury | 2 |
| Cf, California | 1.3 | Po, Polonium | 2 |
| Es, Einsteinium | 1.3 | Sn, Tin | 1.96 |
| Fm, Fermium | 1.3 | Ag, Silver | 1.93 |
| Md, Mendelevium | 1.3 | Ni, Nickel | 1.91 |
| No, Nobelium | 1.3 | Si, Silicon | 1.9 |
| Mg, Magnesium | 1.31 | Cu, Copper | 1.9 |
| Zr, Zirconium | 1.33 | Tc, Technetium | 1.9 |
| Sc, Scandium | 1.36 | Re, Rhenium | 1.9 |
| Np, Neptunium | 1.36 | Co, Cobalt | 1.88 |
| U, Uranium | 1.38 | Pb, Lead | 1.87 |
| Ta, Tantalum | 1.5 | Fe, Iron | 1.83 |
| Pa, Protactinium | 1.5 | Ga, Gallium | 1.81 |
| Ti, Titan | 1.54 | In, India | 1.78 |
| Mn, Manganese | 1.55 | Cd, Cadmium | 1.69 |
| Be, Beryllium | 1.57 | Cr, Chrome | 1.66 |
| Nb, Niobium | 1.6 | Zn, Zinc | 1.65 |
| Al, Aluminum | 1.61 | V, Vanadium | 1.63 |
| Tl, Thallium | 1.62 | Tl, Thallium | 1.62 |
| V, Vanadium | 1.63 | Al, Aluminum | 1.61 |
| Zn, Zinc | 1.65 | Nb, Niobium | 1.6 |
| Cr, Chrome | 1.66 | Be, Beryllium | 1.57 |
| Cd, Cadmium | 1.69 | Mn, Manganese | 1.55 |
| In, India | 1.78 | Ti, Titan | 1.54 |
| Ga, Gallium | 1.81 | Ta, Tantalum | 1.5 |
| Fe, Iron | 1.83 | Pa, Protactinium | 1.5 |
| Pb, Lead | 1.87 | U, Uranium | 1.38 |
| Co, Cobalt | 1.88 | Sc, Scandium | 1.36 |
| Si, Silicon | 1.9 | Np, Neptunium | 1.36 |
| Cu, Copper | 1.9 | Zr, Zirconium | 1.33 |
| Tc, Technetium | 1.9 | Mg, Magnesium | 1.31 |
| Re, Rhenium | 1.9 | Hf, Hafnium | 1.3 |
| Ni, Nickel | 1.91 | Lr, Lawrencium | 1.3 |
| Ag, Silver | 1.93 | Th, Thorium | 1.3 |
| Sn, Tin | 1.96 | Bk, Berkelium | 1.3 |
| Hg, Mercury | 2 | Cf, California | 1.3 |
| Po, Polonium | 2 | Es, Einsteinium | 1.3 |
| Ge, Germanium | 2.01 | Fm, Fermium | 1.3 |
| Bi, Bismuth | 2.02 | Md, Mendelevium | 1.3 |
| B, Boron | 2.04 | No, Nobelium | 1.3 |
| Sb, Antimony | 2.05 | Pu, Plutonium | 1.28 |
| Te, Tellurium | 2.1 | Cm, Curium | 1.28 |
| Mo, Molybdenum | 2.16 | Lu, Lutetium | 1.27 |
| As, Arsenic | 2.18 | Tm, Thulium | 1.25 |
| P, Phosphorus | 2.19 | Er, Erbium | 1.24 |
| H, Hydrogen | 2.2 | Ho, Holmium | 1.23 |
| Ru, Ruthenium | 2.2 | Y, Yttrium | 1.22 |
| Pd, Palladium | 2.2 | Dy, Dysprosium | 1.22 |
| Os, Osmium | 2.2 | Gd, Gadolinium | 1.2 |
| Ir, Iridium | 2.2 | Sm, Samaria | 1.17 |
| At, Astatine | 2.2 | Nd, Neodymium | 1.14 |
| Rn, Radon | 2.2 | Pr, Praseodymium | 1.13 |
| Rh, Rhodium | 2.28 | Am, Americium | 1.13 |
| Pt, Platinum | 2.28 | Ce, Cerium | 1.12 |
| W, Tungsten | 2.36 | La, Lanthanum | 1.1 |
| Au, Gold | 2.54 | Tb, Terbium | 1.1 |
| C, Carbon | 2.55 | Ac, Anemone | 1.1 |
| Se, Selenium | 2.55 | Ca, Calcium | 1 |
| S, Sulfur | 2.58 | Li, Lithium | 0.98 |
| Xe, Xenon | 2.6 | Sr, Strontium | 0.95 |
| I, Iodine | 2.66 | Na, Sodium | 0.93 |
| Br, Bromine | 2.96 | Ra, Radium | 0.9 |
| Kr, Krypton | 3 | Ba, Barium | 0.89 |
| N, Nitrogen | 3.04 | K, Potassium | 0.82 |
| Cl, Chlorine | 3.16 | Rb, Rubidium | 0.82 |
| O, Oxygen | 3.44 | Cs, Caesium | 0.79 |
| F, Fluorine | 3.98 | Fr, Francium | 0.79 |
Arrange in descending order
Zn, As, Cr, F
Answer: F, As, Cr, Zn
Arrange in ascending order
Sb, B, S, No
Answer: No, B, Sb, S
