E-learning book
Colors of substances
Colors of common substances
| Cu | Copper | soft pink plastic metal | |
| Cu2O | Copper(I) Oxide | a crystalline, water-insoluble substance of brick-red color | |
| CuO | Copper(II) oxide | crystals of black color, practically insoluble in water | |
| CuS | Copper(II)Sulfide | black substance insoluble in water and dilute acid solutions | |
| Cu(OH)2 | Copper(II)Hydroxide | blue amorphous or crystalline substance, practically insoluble in water | |
| CuSO4 | Copper(II)sulfate / Copper sulfate | dry white, with an admixture of water - transparent crystals of blue color | |
| Zn | Zinc | bluish-white metal, soft, brittle | |
| ZnO | Zinc Oxide | colorless crystalline powder, insoluble in water, turning yellow when heated | |
| ZnS | Zinc Sulfide | ||
| Zn(OH)2 | Zinc Hydroxide | ||
| Al | Aluminum | light silver-white metal | |
| Al2O3 | Aluminum oxide | white solids insoluble in water | |
| Al(OH)3 | Aluminum Hydroxide | ||
| AlPO4 | Aluminum Phosphate | ||
| Ag | Silver | shiny white soft plastic metal | |
| AgCl | Silver Chloride(I) | white powder or colorless crystals | |
| AgBr | Silver(I)Bromide | light yellow crystalline substance insoluble in water | |
| AgI | Silver Iodide | toxic, solid, insoluble in water yellow substance | |
| Ag2O | Silver Oxide(I) | black or dark brown powder | |
| Ag3PO4 | Silver(I)Orthophosphate | water-insoluble salt of silver and orthophosphoric acid, yellow crystals | |
| Fe | Iron | silver-gray soft malleable metal | |
| FeO | Iron(II) oxide | solid insoluble in water substance of black color | |
| Fe(OH)2 | Iron(II)Hydroxide | gray-green precipitate, gelatinous precipitate of brown or brown-orange color, one of the intermediate compounds in the rusting of iron | |
| Fe2O3 | Iron(III) Oxide | red-brown color, formed by the combustion of iron in air | |
| Fe(OH)3 | Iron(III)Hydroxide | solid red-brown, insoluble in water | |
| Fe3O4 | Iron oxide(II,III) | black crystals, formed on the surface of steel and iron objects in the form of a layer of black scale when they are heated in air | |
| FeCl3 | Ferric(III)Chloride | used for etching printed circuit boards | |
| S | Sulfur | yellow water-insoluble substance | |
| SO2 | Sulfur Oxide(IV)/Sulfur dioxide | colorless gas with an unpleasant odor, one of the main components of volcanic gases, food additive E220 | |
| H2SO4 | Sulfuric acid | heavy oily liquid without color and odor, with a strong acidic "copper" taste, strong chemical inorganic acid | |
| Cr | Chrome | solid metal of bluish-white color | |
| CrO | Chromium(II) oxide | black or red crystals, does not interact with water | |
| Cr2O3 | Chromium(III) Oxide | solid refractory powder of green color | |
| CrO3 | Chromium(VI) oxide | dark red crystals, highly soluble in water | |
| Na2Cr2O7 | Sodium Dichromate | red to orange hygroscopic crystals, a semi-product in the production of chromium, very toxic | |
| Na2CrO4 | Sodium Chromate | yellow crystals, soluble in water | |
| Cr2(SO4)3 | Chromium(III)Sulfate | paramagnetic violet-red crystals | |
| K3[Cr(OH)6] | Sodium Hexahydroxochromate(III) | green amorphous substance, soluble in alkaline solutions | |
| Mn | Manganese | hard, brittle metal, silver-white color | |
| MnO2 | Manganese(IV) oxide | dark brown powder, insoluble in water | |
| Mn(OH)2 | Manganese(II)Hydroxide | gelatinous light pink precipitate, oxidized in air | |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate/potassium permanganate | dark purple, almost black crystals, when dissolved in water, forming a brightly colored fuchsia solution | |
| K2MnO4 | Potassium manganate | dark green salt | |
| P4 | Phosphorus | white phosphorus similar to purified wax or paraffin, easily cut with a knife and deformed by small efforts | |
| Ag3PO4 | Orthophosphate silver(I) | yellow crystals, insoluble in water | |
| Li3PO4 | Lithium orthophosphate | white crystalline substance insoluble in water | |
| Ba3(PO4)2 | Barium phosphate | amorphous white powder poorly soluble in water, soluble in the presence of NH4Cl, acetic acid and strong acids | |
| Pb | Lead | low-melting heavy metal of silver-white color with a bluish tint | |
| PbS | Lead(II)sulfide | a crystalline compound with a color from blue-gray to silver-gray | |
| PbSO4 | Lead(II)sulfate/Lead vitriol | powder, used as a component of pigments | |
| PbI2 | Lead(II) Iodide | diamagnetic yellow crystals, soluble in hot water, slightly soluble in cold | |
| baso4 | Barium sulfate | white powder or transparent crystal, practically insoluble in water and other solvents | |
| BaSO3 | Barium sulfite | white powder or transparent crystal | |
| BaCrO4 | Barium chromate | bright-yellow crystalline substance poorly soluble in water | |
| CaCO3 | Calcium carbonate | white powder | |
| NH3 | ammonia | colorless gas with a pungent smell | |
| NO2 | Nitric oxide(IV) | brown gas | |
| Cl2 | Chlorine | suffocating gas of yellowish-green color, with a pungent odor and a sweet, "metallic" taste |
