General chemistry
The section "General Chemistry" is intended to familiarize with chemistry, all the information presented in this section is necessary to understand the processes that chemistry studies.
If you boil seawater, salt will remain from it, beeswax burns, leaving only the smell, and the stones do not burn at all. A huge number of similar questions led to the need to introduce the concept of "Substance"
An atom is the smallest of the particles interacting in a reaction. But the main role is played by the electronic configuration, the structure of the electronic cloud determines the result of a chemical reaction
An atom is not a constructor's cube, an atom is a complex system that is in continuous motion. The electrons of the atom are also in motion and can come off, or vice versa, join the atom
The number of bonds in a substance between atoms
There can be 10 and 21 zero atoms in one gram, such figures are not very convenient to manipulate, so chemists introduced a specific unit of measurement - the mole
What unites atoms into molecules? How to predict whether two atoms will connect, or just pass by? This chapter describes the main mechanisms of interaction
Processes in which two or more molecules change their electronic configuration, some give up electrons, others, on the contrary, accept
So much talk about electrons, of course, it has something to do with electricity! The reverse side of the coin is corrosion, which also exists due to electricity
During chemical reactions, heat is released or absorbed. The amount of heat absorbed or released is one of the main characteristics of a substance or atom
The interaction of atoms and molecules is a complex process, it is not always possible to accurately predict how two molecules will react, but there are still some characteristics on which theoretical calculations are based
There are tools that allow you to influence the reaction process. Le Chatelier postulated as follows: if a system in a state of equilibrium is influenced from the outside, the system will seek to compensate for the imbalance
Thermodynamics is the only general physical theory concerning which I am convinced that within the applicability of its basic concepts it will never be refuted (Einstein)
Various substances exhibit common properties in various reactions. Classification of substances helps to determine properties without conducting experiments.
