Ion Al3+
| Symbol | Al3+ |
| Number | 13 |
| Atomic weight | 26.9815385 |
| Latin name | Aluminium |
| English name | Aluminum |
Electronic configuration of of Aluminum
Al: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 → Al3+:1s22s22p63s03p0
Same electronic configuration has an ion of Aluminum +3 and C-4, N-3, O-2, F-1, Ne, Na+1, Mg+2, Si+4, P+5, S+6
The order of filling the shells with electrons of Aluminum (Al3+): 1s → 2s → 2p → 3s → 3p → 4s → 3d → 4p → 5s → 4d → 5p → 6s → 4f → 5d → 6p → 7s → 5f → 6d → 7p.
On the sub level ‘s’ there might be 2 electrons at most, on ‘p’ - up to 6, on ‘d’ - up to 10 and up to 14 on ‘f’
Aluminum has 13 electrons, let's fill electronic layers in described order:
2 electrons on 1s-sub level
2 electrons on 2s-sub level
6 electrons on 2p-sub level
Oxidation state of Aluminum
Atoms of Aluminum in compounds have an oxidation state of 3, 1.
The oxidation state is the conditional charge of an atom in a compound: the bond in a molecule between atoms is based on the sharing of electrons, thus, if the atom’s charge virtually increases, then the oxidation state is negative (electrons carry a negative charge), if the charge decreases, then the oxidation state is positive.
Oxidation state of an ion Al3+ = 3
Ions of Aluminum
Valence of Al3+
Atoms of Aluminum in compounds have valence III, I.
Valence of Aluminum is an ability of an atom Al to build chemical bounds. The valence is based on electronic configuration of atom: electrons participated in chemical bounds are known as valence electrons. In general the valence is:
The number of possible chemical bounds with other atoms
The valence has no sign.
Quantum numbers Al 3+
Quantum numbers are defined by the last electron in configuration, for an ion Al these numbers are N = 2, L = 1, Ml = 1, Ms = -½
Filling an electronic configuration (gif):
Result:
See all elements of the periodic table
Where is Al in the periodic table?
