Cobalt Co
Cobalt is the 27 element in periodic table situated in 4 period.| Symbol | Co |
| Number | 27 |
| Atomic weight | 58.9331940 |
| Latin name | Cobaltum |
| English name | Cobalt |
Electronic configuration of of Cobalt
Co: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d7
Short notation:
Co: [Ar]4s2 3d7
Same electronic configuration has an atom of Cobalt and Mn-2, Fe-1, Ni+1
The order of filling the shells with electrons of Cobalt (Co): 1s → 2s → 2p → 3s → 3p → 4s → 3d → 4p → 5s → 4d → 5p → 6s → 4f → 5d → 6p → 7s → 5f → 6d → 7p.
On the sub level ‘s’ there might be 2 electrons at most, on ‘p’ - up to 6, on ‘d’ - up to 10 and up to 14 on ‘f’
Cobalt has 27 electrons, let's fill electronic layers in described order:
2 electrons on 1s-sub level
2 electrons on 2s-sub level
6 electrons on 2p-sub level
2 electrons on 3s-sub level
6 electrons on 3p-sub level
2 electrons on 4s-sub level
7 electrons on 3d-sub level
Oxidation state of Cobalt
Atoms of Cobalt in compounds have an oxidation state of 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1.
The oxidation state is the conditional charge of an atom in a compound: the bond in a molecule between atoms is based on the sharing of electrons, thus, if the atom’s charge virtually increases, then the oxidation state is negative (electrons carry a negative charge), if the charge decreases, then the oxidation state is positive.
Ions of Cobalt
Valence of Co
Atoms of Cobalt in compounds have valence V, IV, III, II, I.
Valence of Cobalt is an ability of an atom Co to build chemical bounds. The valence is based on electronic configuration of atom: electrons participated in chemical bounds are known as valence electrons. In general the valence is:
The number of possible chemical bounds with other atoms
The valence has no sign.
Quantum numbers Co
Quantum numbers are defined by the last electron in configuration, for an atom Co these numbers are N = 3, L = 2, Ml = -1, Ms = -½
Filling an electronic configuration (gif):
Result:
Ionization energy
The closer the electron is to the center of the atom, the more energy is needed to tear it off. The energy spent on removing an electron from an atom is called ionization energy and is designated Eo. Unless otherwise stated, the ionization energy is the energy of removal of the first electron, and there are also ionization energies for each subsequent electron.
Ionization energy of Co:
Eo = 760 kJ/mol
See all elements of the periodic table
Where is Co in the periodic table?
