k-tree
E-learning book

Ion Au3+

Symbol Au3+
Number 79
Atomic weight 196.9665690
Latin name Aurum
English name Gold
How to build an electronic configuration by yourself? See link

Electronic configuration of of Gold

Au: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1 4f14 5d10Au3+:1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s14f145d7

The same amount of electrons as an ion of Gold +3 have: Ta-3, W-2, Re-1, Os, Ir+1

The order of filling the shells with electrons of Gold (Au3+): 1s → 2s → 2p → 3s → 3p → 4s → 3d → 4p → 5s → 4d → 5p → 6s → 4f → 5d → 6p → 7s → 5f → 6d → 7p.

On the sub level ‘s’ there might be 2 electrons at most, on ‘p’ - up to 6, on ‘d’ - up to 10 and up to 14 on ‘f’

Gold has 79 electrons, let's fill electronic layers in described order:

Element Au is an exception!

2 electrons on 1s-sub level

2 electrons on 2s-sub level

6 electrons on 2p-sub level

2 electrons on 3s-sub level

6 electrons on 3p-sub level

2 electrons on 4s-sub level

10 electrons on 3d-sub level

6 electrons on 4p-sub level

2 electrons on 5s-sub level

10 electrons on 4d-sub level

6 electrons on 5p-sub level

1 electron on 6s-sub level

14 electrons on 4f-sub level

7 electrons on 5d-sub level

Oxidation state of Gold

Atoms of Gold in compounds have an oxidation state of 7, 5, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1.

The oxidation state is the conditional charge of an atom in a compound: the bond in a molecule between atoms is based on the sharing of electrons, thus, if the atom’s charge virtually increases, then the oxidation state is negative (electrons carry a negative charge), if the charge decreases, then the oxidation state is positive.

Oxidation state of an ion Au3+ = 3

Ions of Gold

Valence of Au3+

Atoms of Gold in compounds have valence VII, V, III, II, I.

Valence of Gold is an ability of an atom Au to build chemical bounds. The valence is based on electronic configuration of atom: electrons participated in chemical bounds are known as valence electrons. In general the valence is:

The number of possible chemical bounds with other atoms

The valence has no sign.

Quantum numbers Au 3+

Quantum numbers are defined by the last electron in configuration, for an ion Au these numbers are N = 5, L = 2, Ml = -1, Ms = -½

Filling an electronic configuration (gif):

How to draw an electronic scheme of Gold

Result:
Electronic configuration of of Gold

See all elements of the periodic table

Where is Au in the periodic table?

Periodic Table

s
p
d
f
1
18
 
1
 
1
H
1.008
2
13
14
15
16
17
2
4.003
 
2
 
3
6.938
4
9.012
5
B
10.806
6
C
12.01
7
N
14.006
8
O
15.999
9
F
18.998
10
20.18
 
3
 
11
22.99
12
24.304
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
26.982
14
28.084
15
P
30.974
16
S
32.059
17
35.446
18
39.948
 
4
 
19
K
39.098
20
40.078
21
44.956
22
47.867
23
V
50.942
24
51.996
25
54.938
26
55.845
27
58.933
28
58.693
29
63.546
30
65.38
31
69.723
32
72.63
33
74.922
34
78.971
35
79.901
36
83.798
 
5
 
37
85.468
38
87.62
39
Y
88.906
40
91.224
41
92.906
42
95.95
43
0
44
101.07
45
102.906
46
106.42
47
107.868
48
112.414
49
114.818
50
118.71
51
121.76
52
127.6
53
I
126.904
54
131.293
 
6
 
55
132.905
56
137.327
57
138.905
72
178.49
73
180.948
74
W
183.84
75
186.207
76
190.23
77
192.217
78
195.084
79
196.967
80
200.592
81
204.382
82
207.2
83
208.98
84
0
85
0
86
0
 
7
 
87
0
88
0
89
0
104
0
105
0
106
0
107
0
108
0
109
0
110
0
111
0
112
0
113
0
114
0
115
0
116
0
117
0
118
0
 
﹡6﹡
 
58
140.116
59
140.908
60
144.242
61
0
62
150.36
63
151.964
64
157.25
65
158.925
66
162.5
67
164.93
68
167.259
69
168.934
70
173.045
71
174.967
 
﹡7﹡
 
90
232.038
91
231.036
92
U
238.029
93
0
94
0
95
0
96
0
97
0
98
0
99
0
100
0
101
0
102
0
103
0

Download high quality periodic table