Ion Ga2+
| Symbol | Ga2+ |
| Number | 31 |
| Atomic weight | 69.7230000 |
| Latin name | Gallium |
| English name | Gallium |
Electronic configuration of of Gallium
Ga: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p1 → Ga2+:1s22s22p63s23p64s23d94p0
Same electronic configuration has an ion of Gallium +2 and Ni-1, Zn+1, Ge+3
The order of filling the shells with electrons of Gallium (Ga2+): 1s → 2s → 2p → 3s → 3p → 4s → 3d → 4p → 5s → 4d → 5p → 6s → 4f → 5d → 6p → 7s → 5f → 6d → 7p.
On the sub level ‘s’ there might be 2 electrons at most, on ‘p’ - up to 6, on ‘d’ - up to 10 and up to 14 on ‘f’
Gallium has 31 electrons, let's fill electronic layers in described order:
2 electrons on 1s-sub level
2 electrons on 2s-sub level
6 electrons on 2p-sub level
2 electrons on 3s-sub level
6 electrons on 3p-sub level
2 electrons on 4s-sub level
9 electrons on 3d-sub level
Oxidation state of Gallium
Atoms of Gallium in compounds have an oxidation state of 3, 2, 1.
The oxidation state is the conditional charge of an atom in a compound: the bond in a molecule between atoms is based on the sharing of electrons, thus, if the atom’s charge virtually increases, then the oxidation state is negative (electrons carry a negative charge), if the charge decreases, then the oxidation state is positive.
Oxidation state of an ion Ga2+ = 2
Ions of Gallium
Valence of Ga2+
Atoms of Gallium in compounds have valence III, II, I.
Valence of Gallium is an ability of an atom Ga to build chemical bounds. The valence is based on electronic configuration of atom: electrons participated in chemical bounds are known as valence electrons. In general the valence is:
The number of possible chemical bounds with other atoms
The valence has no sign.
Quantum numbers Ga 2+
Quantum numbers are defined by the last electron in configuration, for an ion Ga these numbers are N = 3, L = 2, Ml = 1, Ms = -½
Filling an electronic configuration (gif):
Result:
See all elements of the periodic table
Where is Ga in the periodic table?
