Ion La3+
| Symbol | La3+ |
| Number | 57 |
| Atomic weight | 138.9054700 |
| Latin name | Lanthanum |
| English name | Lanthanum |
Electronic configuration of of Lanthanum
La: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 5d1 → La3+:1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s05d0
Same electronic configuration has an ion of Lanthanum +3 and Sn-4, Sb-3, Te-2, I-1, Xe, Cs+1, Ba+2, Ce+4
The order of filling the shells with electrons of Lanthanum (La3+): 1s → 2s → 2p → 3s → 3p → 4s → 3d → 4p → 5s → 4d → 5p → 6s → 4f → 5d → 6p → 7s → 5f → 6d → 7p.
On the sub level ‘s’ there might be 2 electrons at most, on ‘p’ - up to 6, on ‘d’ - up to 10 and up to 14 on ‘f’
Lanthanum has 57 electrons, let's fill electronic layers in described order:
2 electrons on 1s-sub level
2 electrons on 2s-sub level
6 electrons on 2p-sub level
2 electrons on 3s-sub level
6 electrons on 3p-sub level
2 electrons on 4s-sub level
10 electrons on 3d-sub level
6 electrons on 4p-sub level
2 electrons on 5s-sub level
10 electrons on 4d-sub level
6 electrons on 5p-sub level
Oxidation state of Lanthanum
Atoms of Lanthanum in compounds have an oxidation state of 3, 2.
The oxidation state is the conditional charge of an atom in a compound: the bond in a molecule between atoms is based on the sharing of electrons, thus, if the atom’s charge virtually increases, then the oxidation state is negative (electrons carry a negative charge), if the charge decreases, then the oxidation state is positive.
Oxidation state of an ion La3+ = 3
Ions of Lanthanum
Valence of La3+
Atoms of Lanthanum in compounds have valence III, II.
Valence of Lanthanum is an ability of an atom La to build chemical bounds. The valence is based on electronic configuration of atom: electrons participated in chemical bounds are known as valence electrons. In general the valence is:
The number of possible chemical bounds with other atoms
The valence has no sign.
Quantum numbers La 3+
Quantum numbers are defined by the last electron in configuration, for an ion La these numbers are N = 5, L = 1, Ml = 1, Ms = -½
Filling an electronic configuration (gif):
Result:
See all elements of the periodic table
Where is La in the periodic table?
