Ion Tb³⁺

Symbol	Tb3+
Number	65
Atomic weight	158.9253500
Latin name	Terbium
English name	Terbium

How to build an electronic configuration by yourself? See link

Electronic configuration of of Terbium

Tb: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f⁹ → Tb³⁺:1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f⁶

Same electronic configuration has an ion of Terbium +3 and Sm, Gd⁺², Dy⁺⁴

The order of filling the shells with electrons of Terbium (Tb³⁺): 1s → 2s → 2p → 3s → 3p → 4s → 3d → 4p → 5s → 4d → 5p → 6s → 4f → 5d → 6p → 7s → 5f → 6d → 7p.

On the sub level ‘s’ there might be 2 electrons at most, on ‘p’ - up to 6, on ‘d’ - up to 10 and up to 14 on ‘f’

Terbium has 65 electrons, let's fill electronic layers in described order:

2 electrons on 1s-sub level

2 electrons on 2s-sub level

6 electrons on 2p-sub level

2 electrons on 3s-sub level

6 electrons on 3p-sub level

2 electrons on 4s-sub level

10 electrons on 3d-sub level

6 electrons on 4p-sub level

2 electrons on 5s-sub level

10 electrons on 4d-sub level

6 electrons on 5p-sub level

2 electrons on 6s-sub level

6 electrons on 4f-sub level

Oxidation state of Terbium

Atoms of Terbium in compounds have an oxidation state of 4, 3, 1.

The oxidation state is the conditional charge of an atom in a compound: the bond in a molecule between atoms is based on the sharing of electrons, thus, if the atom’s charge virtually increases, then the oxidation state is negative (electrons carry a negative charge), if the charge decreases, then the oxidation state is positive.

Oxidation state of an ion Tb³⁺ = 3

Ions of Terbium

Valence of Tb³⁺

Atoms of Terbium in compounds have valence IV, III, I.

Valence of Terbium is an ability of an atom Tb to build chemical bounds. The valence is based on electronic configuration of atom: electrons participated in chemical bounds are known as valence electrons. In general the valence is:

The number of possible chemical bounds with other atoms

The valence has no sign.

Quantum numbers Tb ³⁺

Quantum numbers are defined by the last electron in configuration, for an ion Tb these numbers are N = 4, L = 3, M_l = 2, M_s = +½

Filling an electronic configuration (gif):



Result: